Adenine and guanine are purines. Thymine, uracil and cytosine are pyrimidines which have one heterocyclic aromatic ring structure. The key difference between cytosine and thymine is that cytosine is a pyrimidine base found in both DNA and RNA and pairs with guanine by three hydrogen bonds while thymine is a pyrimidine base found only in DNA and pairs with adenine by two hydrogen bonds. Overview and Key Difference 2.
What is Cytosine 3. What is Thymine 4. Side by Side Comparison — Cytosine vs Thymine 5. It is a pyrimidine derivative which has one heterocyclic aromatic carbon ring structure.
The molecular formula of cytosine is C 4 H 5 N 3 O. The complementary base of the cytosine is guanine, and it forms three hydrogen bonds to pair with guanine during the complementary base pairing in the DNA helix. Cytosine has two groups attached to its heterocyclic ring.
At C4 position, there is an amine group, and at C2 position there is a keto group, as shown in the figure. Cytosine carries genetic information of organisms. Cytosine also plays different other roles in the cells. It acts as an energy carrier and cofactor cytidine triphosphate CTP.
Thymine is one of the nitrogenous bases found in DNA. It is a pyrimidine derivative which has one heterocyclic aromatic carbon ring in its structure. The chemical formula of thymine is C 5 H 6 N 2 O 2. In RNA, thymine is replaced with uracil. Guanine: Guanine contains an amine group on C-2 and a carbonyl group on C-6 in its pyrimidine ring. Adenine: Molecular formula of adenine is C 5 H 5 N 5. Adenine: Molecular mass of adenine is Guanine: Molecular mass of guanine is Adenine: Solubility in water is 0.
Adenine and guanine are purines made up of two rings of nitrogen and carbon atoms. The two rings are formed by a six-membered pyrimidine ring fusing with a five-membered imidazole ring.
The two rings are fused together, forming a single, flat structure. Both adenine and guanine are formed from the same precursor, IMP. IMP is synthesized from sugars and amino acids in a series of steps in the de novo synthesis. They differ from the functional groups, which are attached to the purine core of each molecule. Reference: 1. Fort, Ray. Image Courtesy: 1.
Figure 1: Adenine. Figure 2: Guanine. View all posts. A base pair is two chemical bases bonded to one another forming a "rung of the DNA ladder.
Each strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar deoxyribose and phosphate groups. Attached to each sugar is one of four bases--adenine A , cytosine C , guanine G , or thymine T. The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases, with adenine forming a base pair with thymine, and cytosine forming a base pair with guanine.
Base pair describes the relationship between the building blocks on the strands of DNA.
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