The food crisis is acute in many African countries including Somali, Kenya, Ethiopia, and Djibouti where the weak government and inadequate annual rains attributed to global warming are facilitating desertification. Severe land degradation leading to desertification is now affecting over countries around the world. Africa and Asia are the most affected areas in the world by desertification. The impact of climate change and human activities are present in these areas with high levels of desertification compared to other areas in the world.
Africa has lost over , square miles of its productive agricultural land over the last 50 years. Sahara desert covers the largest area with the desert climate in Africa. Sudan is suffering from the effect of desertification which has been brought about by the effects of climate change. The amount of rainfall is lowest in the northern part of the country where land degradation is severe. The area receives about 24 mm of rainfall annually which is not sufficient for the sustenance of agriculture and livelihood in the area.
Tunisia is one of the North African countries worst hit by the effects of desertification. The country has one of the worst overall soil conditions while the Sahara Desert covers much of the country. Poor farming methods such as overgrazing, deforestation, and limited natural resources such as water are also contributing to desertification.
Desertification and land degradation in China are both natural and human-induced. The areas affected by desertification in the country are marginal. Desertification is distributed in arid and semi-arid areas of the western part of the North East China. The areas are characterized by three types of desertification: soil salinization, sandy desertification, and land degradation as a result of water erosion.
Desertification in China has caused diverse impact in the country including reduced farmland, falling incomes, and out-migration within the country.
This way it will be possible to warn the Jordanian government that desertification is taking place, before it is too late to take action.
The project will also help build capacity among Jordanian researchers and end users. In the first year of the project, young researchers and scientists received training on instruments used to calibrate remote-sensing data for drought monitoring, as well as on the use of new techniques for desertification mapping and soil-moisture monitoring.
Indigenous Protected Areas IPAs are areas of land and sea managed by Indigenous groups as protected areas for biodiversity conservation through voluntary agreements with the Australian government. IPAs deliver more than environmental benefits. Managing IPAs helps Indigenous communities protect the cultural values of their country for future generations and results in significant health, education, economic and social benefits.
Last on our list of countries fighting desertification is Ethiopia. Intensive livestock farming and the need for land to plough are the major factors behind these threats to the environment.
To combat desertification, the government intends to restore 22 million hectares of drylands in Ethiopia by Between and , 1 hectares of degraded land were planted to initiate their restoration, mainly through enrichment of woodlands, assisted natural regeneration and sustainable land management practices. These countries that are fighting desertification should serve as a word of caution to other countries who are at the tipping point of experiencing devastating land degradation.
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